FUNDAMENTAL LEGAL PROBLEMS OF SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

ISBN: 978-83-66344-06-8

1061 stron
format: B5
oprawa: twarda
Rok wydania: 2019

The observation that mater semper certa est remains accurate under most legal systems in the world. Maternity is defined as the personal status (filiation) of a woman who gave birth to a child. It is typically complemented by the fatherhood of the man from whom the child biologically originates (often quem nuptiae demonstrant). However, in some states, a kind of competitive way of acquiring the legal status of mother and father (or "homosexual parents A and B") has been introduced via concluding a contract with a surrogate mother. Usually with a woman coming from poorer societies and with the assistance of professional intermediaries and organizers. The postulates to change substantive family law, or at least to recognize the effects of foreign law and procedures (a kind of "procreative tourism"), appear nowadays also in states generally prohibiting surrogate motherhood.The issues discussed in the present volume concern both national law and international court cases. Recent examples include the opinion of the European Court of Human Rights of 10 April 2019 initiated by the French Cour de cassation, the judgement of the German Bundesgerichtshof of 20 March 2019, and dilemmas of Polish administrative courts.Focusing on the international perspective, the present volume as well as an accompanying book in Polish are the results of the international cooperation of over 30 experts from both member states and observer states of the Council of Europe. The monograph is structured "from the general to the detail" and includes a comprehensive view as well: from the issues of philosophy and sociology of law, to human rights standards of national constitutions and international agreements, to principles of ordre public of forum and their protection with measures of private, public, and penal law. This allows readers, including legislators and judges, the better understanding of the fundamental legal problems that surrogate motherhood brings, both in states where law creates them in a narrower or wider extent, and in other countries of the world, to which these problems can be imported with the movement of people and with de lege lata and de lege ferenda postulates.SPIS TREŚCIDetailed table of contentsEditorial Piotr Mostowik[Professor | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]"May you live in interesting times." General remarks Chapter I. Philosophy, sociology, and˙theory of law Marta Soniewicka[Associate Professor | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]Ethical and philosophical issues arising from surrogate motherhoodNathalie Baillon-Wirtz[Associate Professor | University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne]Surrogate motherhood in France: ethical and legal issues Mirosław Boruta[Ph.D. | Pedagogical University of Cracow]Surrogate motherhood from the perspective of sociologyand cultural anthropology Justyna Holocher[Ph.D. | Pedagogical University of Cracow]Surrogate motherhood - terminological considerations. Three perspectives:theory and˙philosophy of law, legal doctrine, and˙public debate Błażej Kmieciak[Ph.D. | Medical University in Lodz]The phenomenon called "surrogate motherhood" and the sociologicalapproach - current (casuistic) and future (general) perspectives Ewa Kozerska[Ph.D. | University of Opole]Tomasz Scheffler[Ph.D. | University of Wrocław]The lawfulness of the institution of surrogate motherhoodfrom the standpoint of political and legal doctrines Chapter II. Filiation as a result of˙surrogacy contract: (non)acceptance underinternal law and (non)recognition of˙foreign law Katazyna Mikaa[Ph.D. | Mykolas Romeris University in Vilnius]Natalja Zitkevits[Ph.D. | Switzerland-based lawyer]Surrogate motherhood in˙the˙Baltic˙states Avishalom Westreich[Ph.D., Senior Lecturer | College of Law and Business in Ramat GanSurrogacy and egg donation in Israel: legal arrangements, difficulties,and˙challenges Andrea Nicolussi[Professor | Catholic University of Milan]The ban on surrogate motherhood in˙Italy and the challenge of unlimitedregulatory competition Andrei A. Novikov [Associate Professor | State University of Petersburg Surrogate motherhood in Russia and˙the˙Commonwealth of IndependentStates: legislation, jurisprudence, and political discussion Carlos Martinez de Aguirre[Professor of Civil Law | University of Saragosse (Universidad de Zaragoza)]Surrogate motherhood in Spanish and˙Latin American law:the law and˙the loophole Monika Wałachowska[Professor | Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń]Surrogate motherhood under different laws and federal issues -the case of˙the USA Alla Anatoliivna Herts [Associate Professor | Ivan Franko National University of Lviv Surrogate motherhood in Ukraine: method of infertility treatment,judges‘- activism and doctrine Chapter III. National and international standards of human dignity,maternity, paternity, and˙childhood Carlos Martinez de Aguirre[Professor of Civil Law | University of Saragosse (Universidad de Zaragoza)]International surrogacy arrangements: a global "Handmaid‘-s Tale"? Witold Borysiak[Ph.D. | University of Warsaw]Motherhood under domestic constitutional principles (at the exampleof˙the 1997 Polish Constitution) Agnieszka Czubik[Ph.D., Advocate | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]Protection of women‘-s rights and˙health in international lawversus˙"surrogacy business" Łukasz Mirocha[Ph.D., Advocate]Dark side of diversity. Actions undertaken in the system of the Councilof˙Europe with regard to the issue of surrogate motherhood Agata Niżnik-Mucha[Ph.D. | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]Aleksandra Dębowska[Ph.D. Student | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]Maternity and paternity in˙Constitutional Tribunal cases -judgments and obiter dicta Marcin Sokołowski[Associate Professor | Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań]Surrogate motherhood in legal and˙political activities of the institutionsof˙the European Union Agnieszka Wedeł-Domaradzka[Ph.D. | Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz]Surrogacy - a solution that brings new problems.International organizations and surrogate motherhood Chapter IV. Foundations of family law versus surrogate motherhood Olga Bobrzyńska[Ph.D., Attorney-at-Law]Surrogate motherhood: current trends and the comparative perspective Dita Frintova[Ph.D. | Charles University in Prague (Univerzita Karolova v Praze)]Ondrej Frinta[Associate Professor, Docent | Charles University in Prague (Univerzita Karolova v Praze)]Surrogacy from the Czech perspective: "past the point of no return" Janusz Gajda[Professor | Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce]Rafał Łukasiewicz[Ph.D. | University of Rzeszów]Principles of adoption system versus˙surrogate motherhood Elena Judova[Ph.D., Lecturer | Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica (Univerzita Mateja Bela v˙Banskej Bystrici, Pravnicka fakulta)]Martin Piry[Ph.D., Lecturer | Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica (Univerzita Mateja Bela v˙Banskej Bystrici, Pravnicka fakulta)]Surrogacy motherhood in˙the˙Slovak˙Republic - an illegal immigrant? Wojciech Lis[Professor | John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin]Surrogate birth in light of the fundamental principles of family law Piotr Telusiewicz[Associate Professor | John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin]Foreign surrogate motherhood procedures versus legal principles regardingthe origin of the child (filiation) Michał Wojewoda[Professor | University of Lodz]Surrogate motherhood and the civil status registration in Poland Chapter V. Protection of ordre public of˙forum in˙internaland cross-border situations Edyta Figura-Góralczyk[Ph.D. | University of Economics in Cracow]Remarks about Judgement of˙Bundesgerichtshofof 20 March 2019 (XII ZB 530/17) Radosław Flejszar[Associate Professor | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]Selected issues of civil proceedings concerning personaland financial aspects of surrogate motherhood Piotr Rodziewicz[Ph.D. | University of Wrocław]International surrogacy - conflict-of-laws and procedural issues of˙judicialcooperation in civil matters Konrad Burdziak[Ph.D. | University of Szczecin]Łukasz Pohl[Professor | University of Szczecin]Remarks on Polish penal law and de lege ferenda postulates Wojciech Górowski[Ph.D. | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]Surrogate motherhood in Polish criminal law - de lege lata Agnieszka Laber[Ph.D., Attorney-at-Law]International police cooperation against child traffickingand illegal adoption Dominik Zając[Ph.D. | Jagiellonian University in Cracow]International criminal law aspects of˙surrogate motherhood Addendum I. Activities of international organizations 1. European Union. Criticism˙in EU Parliament annual report on humanrights and democracy in the world 2014 and the EU policyon the matter (17 December 2015) 2. Council of Europe A. Criticism˙in report by P. De Sutter of 2016 B. ECHR Opinion of 10.4.2019 3. United Nations. Report on the sale and exploitation of childrenof˙15.1.2018 II. Opinions of bioethics committees 1. France. Comit? Consultatif National d‘-Ethiquepour les sciences de la vie et de la santeA. Criticism˙in opinion No 126 of 15.6.2017B. Criticism˙in opinion No 129 of 18.9.2018 2. Spain. Comit? de Bio?tica de Espana. Criticism in reporton the ethical and legal aspects of surrogacy of 19.5.2017 III. The reality. Review of press and e-resources (ed. Karolina Sęk) 3.1. Introduction 3.2. India 3.3. France 3.4. Germany 3.5. Spain 3.6. Russia and Ukraine 3.7. United States of America and the United Kingdom 3.8. Summary Bibliography Photos from conference in Warsaw, 27-28th of September 2018