THE FORMATION OF URBAN SPACES AROUND THE WORLD. A HISTORY OF PLANNING AND BUILDING OF CITIES

ISBN: 978-83-7395-865-4

751 stron
format: B5
oprawa: twarda
Rok wydania: 2020

The present volume, in a comprehensible and attractive way, brings closer to the reader the history of planning of cities from the oldest times of human civilization until the 20th century. The author does not limit himself to the history of European urban planning, presenting also forms of cities established in pre-Columbian America, India, China, South-Eastern Asia or in Islamic countries. He shows traditions of formation of cities in Polish lands, which are very rarely dealt with in the world literature on the subject.

Using the work is made easy, with its very rich illustrative material: plans of cities, historical maps and photographs which show how places look nowadays. Apart from just a few exceptions, almost all of the 300 photographs inserted in this monographs were taken by its author while exploring cities in different regions of the world.

The History is addressed not only to specialists and students of urban planning, geography of cities, sociology of cities or history, but also to everybody interested in cities, their development and shaping of their form.

SPIS TREŚCI

Preface

Introduction

1. CITIES IN THE OLDEST CIVILISATIONS
1.1 Historical processes of city formation
1.2 The proto-cities
1.3 Cities in Mesopotamia
1.4 Cities in ancient Egypt
1.5 Hattusa, the capital of the Hittite Empire
1.6 Cities in the Indus River Valley

2. CITIES IN ANCIENT TIMES
2.1 Aegean civilisation
2.2 City planning in ancient Greece
2.3 Cities of ancient Persia
2.4 City growth and planning in the Roman Empire

3. MEDIEVAL CITIES
3.1 The fall and revival of cities in the Middle Ages
3.2 General comments on the location and formation of spatial arrangements in medieval cities
3.3 Cities dating back to Roman times
3.4 Cities developing in the vicinity of castles and monasteries
3.5 New cities built in line with a specific concept
3.6 New cities in Germany
3.7 Locations in Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia
3.8 The development of spatial layouts in medieval cities in Poland
3.9 The biggest cities in Rus‘

4. ISLAMIC CITIES
4.1 The emergence and spread of Islam
4.2 The form of the first cities in the Islamic world
4.3 Transformation of cities invaded by Arabs
4.4 The structure of a traditional Islamic city
4.5 Selected examples of important Islamic cities

5. THE CITY CONCEPT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES IN THE RENAISSANCE
5.1 The ideal city - theoretical concepts of the city in the Renaissance
5.2 The fortress city - subordinating the city form to the defence function
5.3 Cities based on the theoretical concepts of the ideal city
5.4 The Renaissance remodelling of existing cities
5.5 The Renaissance city plans in Poland

6. THE TRADITIONS OF CITY PLANNING AND FORMING IN IBERO-AMERICA
6.1 Cities of pre-Columbian civilizations
6.1.1 The most important urban civilizations of pre-Columbian America
6.1.2 Urban civilizations in Mesoamerica
6.1.3 Cities in the Northern and Central Andes
6.2 City planning and forming in the Spanish colonies in America
6.3 Portuguese settlements

7. CITY PLANNING IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES
- THE BAROQUE AND AND CLASSICISTIC CITY
7.1 The Baroque features of a city plan
7.2 Italy: the early Baroque in urbanism
7.3 The development of French urbanism in the Baroque and Classicism
7.4 English urban projects in the 17th and 18th centuries
7.5 Baroque structures in Germany and Austria: Berlin, Karlsruhe, Vienna
7.6 Construction and transformation of other European cities: Sankt Petersburg, Amsterdam, Lisbon
7.7 The Baroque and Classicistic designs in Polish cities

8. TRADITIONS OF CITY PLANNING AND FORMING
ON THE TERRITORIES OF TODAY‘S UNITED STATES AND CANADA
(FROM THE 16TH TO 19TH CENTURY) CLASSICISTIC CITY
8.1 The Spanish settlement
8.2 French settlers - cities in New France
8.3 The beginnings of the British settlement
8.4 Examples of city planning in the United States in the 17th and 18th centuries

9. TRADITIONAL AND COLONIAL CITIES IN SELECTED REGIONS OF
ASIA AND AFRICA
9.1 Traditions of building cities in China and Japan
9.2 Traditions of urban development and colonial cities in Southeast Asia
9.3 Traditional cities and colonial cities on the Indian subcontinent
9.4 European districts in Islamic cities in North Africa and Central Asia
9.5 Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa

10. CITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES IN THE 19TH CENTURY
10.1 Transformations of cities as a result of the Industrial Revolution
10.2 The form of the city in the light of social reforms in the first half of the 19th century
10.3 Development of green areas in London and the design of Regent‘s Park
10.4 Renovation and extension plans for European cities in the second half of the 19th century
10.5 New ideas and approaches to city planning in the late 19th century
10.6 Industrial cities in Poland

11. CITY PLANNING IN THE 20TH CENTURY: THE YEARS BEFORE WORLD WAR 2
11.1 Conditions behind the development of new urban concepts in Europe
and in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th century
11.2 Urban models at the turn of the 20th century
11.3 Development of city planning in the early 20th century
The first concepts of the garden city introduced in the United Kingdom
11.4 Urban development concepts in the interwar period
11.5 Urban planning concepts implemented in Poland by WW2

12. CITY PLANNING IN THE 20TH CENTURY: THE YEARS AFTER WORLD WAR 2
12.1 City planning after World War 2
12.2 City planning in post-WW2 Poland
12.3 City planning and urbanization processes in the second half of the 20th century

Bibliography

Index

Sources of figures and photographs